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00.029.0.03.012. Cotton leaf crumple virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.029.0.03.012. Cotton leaf crumple virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: California; the United States of America.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Gossypium hirsutum.

Natural host and symptoms
Species of Gossypium, Abutilon, Althaea, Hibiscus, Malva and of Castanospermum, Glycine, Phaseolus, Vicia — mosaic and malformation.

Reference to Isolation Report
Dickson et al. (1954).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.029.0.03.012. Virus accession number: 29003012. Obsolete virus code: 29.0.3.0.012; superceded accession number: 29030012.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: CLCrV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.029.0.03. Begomovirus in the family 00.029. Geminiviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid is elongated and exhibits icosahedral symmetry. The capsid is geminate and has a diameter of 17-20 nm. With a length of dimers 30-32 nm.






















Electron micrograph of Geminiviridae by R.G. Milne, Istituto di Virologia, CRN, Torino, Italy.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions. Fixation with glutaraldehyde is essential. UA is better than PTA. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Brown and Nelson (1984).

Nucleic Acid

The genome is segmented and consists of two segments of similar, circular, ambisense, single-stranded DNA.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass DILLENIIDAE; Order Malvales.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Aleyrodidae; Bemisia tabaci. Virus is transmitted in a semi-persistent manner; lost by the vector when it moults; does not replicate in the vector; not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Malvaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Abutilon, Althaea, Castanospermum, Castanospermum australe, Glycine, Glycine max, Gossypium, Gossypium hirsutum, Hibiscus, Hibiscus cannabinus, Malva, Malva parviflora, Phaseolus, Phaseolus acutifolius, Phaseolus vulgaris, Vicia, Vigna angularis.

Host:
Experimentally infected hosts mainly show symptoms of chlorosis and malformation.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cucurbitaceae, Malvaceae, Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Abelmoschus esculentus, Cucumis melo, Nicotiana glutinosa, Spinacia oleracea, Zinnia elegans.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Malva parviflora, Gossypium hirsutum 'Delta Pine 70', Vigna angularis (Azuki bean) and Castanospermum australe (Delgado bean) — systemic chlorosis and malformation. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Cucumis melo, Abelmoschus esculentus, Spinacia oleracea, Nicotiana glutinosa, Zinnia elegans.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Gossypium hirsutum, Malva parviflora and a useful purification host is Phaseolus vulgaris.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Gossypium hirsutum (W), Malva parviflora (W).

References to host data: Brown and Nelson (1984, Brown et al. (1986).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in phloem.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells (in phloem and parenchyma only). Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm, or nucleus. Inclusions are spherical or amorphous. They are more numerous in younger leaves. Other cellular changes include hypertrophy of cells containing inclusions.

Geographical Distribution

The virus spreads in the Middle East. The virus occurs in India, Mexico, and the United States of America.

Ecology, Epidemiology and Control

Studies reported by Brown et al. (1983, Brown et al. (1987, Duffus and Flock (1982, Erwin and Meyer (1961, Brown et al. (1986).

List of Strains and Isolates in the Species

Mild and severe strains recognised (Erwin and Meyer, 1961).

References

Brown, JK and Nelson, MR (1984). Phytopathology 74: 987.

Brown, JK and Nelson, MR (1987). Plant Dis. 71: 522.

Brown, JK, Mihail, J.D. and Nelson, MR (1987). Plant Dis. 71: 699.

Brown, JK, Butler, GD and Nelson, MR (1983). Phytopathology 73: 787.

Brown, JK, Nelson, MR and Lambe, R.C. (1986). Plant Dis. 70: 981.

Dickson, R.C., Johnson, MM and Laird, E. (1954). Phytopathology 44: 479.

Duffus, JE and Flock, R.A. (1982). Calif. Agric. 36: 4.

Erwin, D.C. and Meyer, R. (1961). Phytopathology 51: 472.

Tsao, P.M. (1963). Phytopathology 53: 243.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
A description of this taxon can also be found on the web at VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description; VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 246 by J.K. Brown, 1987 and A.A. Brunt, 1986. .



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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